Heart/Vascular

The vascular system comprises all of the body's blood vessels. Coronary artery disease refers to conditions relating to the vessels of the heart. Peripheral vascular disease refers to peripheral blood vessels outside of the heart, such as those in the legs and those leading to the kidneys, stomach and feet.

The most common cause of vascular disease is the buildup of fat and cholesterol deposits, called plaque, on the insides of arteries. Over time, this buildup causes the arteries to harden and narrow, restricting blood flow to the body's organs. In some cases, clots form around the plaque. Blood vessels that are blocked or weakened can lead to heart attacks, strokes, aneurysms and other vascular diseases.

Numerous techniques are available to diagnose vascular conditions, including physical exams, ultrasounds, electrocardiograms (EKG), and in-vitro diagnostic blood tests. Treatments may include interventions such as angioplasty to widen narrow or blocked arteries, or surgery.

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